The context in which boards are making endowment spending decisions has changed remarkably in the past year. In January 2008, Senators Max Baucus (D-MT) and Charles Grassley (R-IA), chair and ranking minority member, respectively, of the Senate Finance Committee, cited "explosive college endowment growth" as evidence that college and university boards should review their endowment-payout polices to make sure they reflected "best practices." The senators' implication was that best practice would dictate higher spending rates to offset tuition increases. A year later, endowments have imploded, and many of the wealthiest institutions in the country are implementing budget reductions, layoffs, increased borrowing, and tuition increases to offset decreased endowment revenue.